People with HIV who maintain an undetectable viral load have effectively no risk of transmitting HIV to their HIV-negative partner through sex. An undetectable viral load means that the level of HIV in the blood is too low to be detected by a viral load test. One of the goals of ART is to reduce a person's viral load to an undetectable level. Treatment with HIV medicines (called antiretroviral therapy or ART) helps people with HIV live longer, healthier lives. To prevent STDs, including HIV, choose less risky sexual behaviors and use condoms correctly every time you have sex.Having HIV and another STD may increase the risk of HIV transmission. For example, an STD can cause a sore or a break in the skin, which can make it easier for HIV to enter the body. Having an STD can make it easier to get HIV.Other examples of STDs are chlamydia, gonorrhea, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and syphilis.
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HIV is a sexually transmitted infection, but it can progress to a disease called acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) when HIV infection is untreated.When untreated, an STI can become a disease. Many health care providers use the term “infection” instead of “disease”, because a person with an infection may have no symptoms but still require treatment.Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), also called sexually transmitted infections (STIs), are infections that spread from person to person through sexual activity, including anal, vaginal, or oral sex.